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02 Open Source Principles & Definition
Open Source Principles
| Intellectual Property |
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Development Paradigm |
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Resource Model |
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| Code Should always be open - "Free speech, not free beer" |
Extensive involvement of user/developer community |
Good ideas come from solving a problem or scratching an itch |
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| Copyleft |
"Release early, release often" |
"The three obligations: to give, to receive, to reciprocate" |
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| "Use copyright to ensure copyleft" |
Modularize code |
Peer leadership - vision, engagement, code |
From "The Boston Consulting Group Hacker Survey"
A copyleft redistribution from the Open Source Initaitive (OSI)
Definition
Open source doesn't just mean access to the source code. The
distribution terms of open-source software must comply with the following
criteria:
1. Free Redistribution
The license shall not restrict any party from selling or giving away
the software as a component of an aggregate software distribution
containing programs from several different sources. The license shall not
require a royalty or other fee for such sale.
2. Source Code
The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in
source code as well as compiled form. Where some form of a product is not
distributed with source code, there must be a well-publicized means of
obtaining the source code for no more than a reasonable reproduction
cost–preferably, downloading via the Internet without charge. The source
code must be the preferred form in which a programmer would modify the
program. Deliberately obfuscated source code is not allowed. Intermediate
forms such as the output of a preprocessor or translator are not
allowed.
3. Derived Works
The license must allow modifications and derived works, and must allow
them to be distributed under the same terms as the license of the original
software.
4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code
The license may restrict source-code from being distributed in modified
form only if the license allows the distribution of "patch files"
with the source code for the purpose of modifying the program at build
time. The license must explicitly permit distribution of software built
from modified source code. The license may require derived works to carry
a different name or version number from the original software.
5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups
The license must not discriminate against any person or group of
persons.
6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor
The license must not restrict anyone from making use of the program in
a specific field of endeavor. For example, it may not restrict the program
from being used in a business, or from being used for genetic
research.
7. Distribution of License
The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the
program is redistributed without the need for execution of an additional
license by those parties.
8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product
The rights attached to the program must not depend on the program's
being part of a particular software distribution. If the program is
extracted from that distribution and used or distributed within the terms
of the program's license, all parties to whom the program is redistributed
should have the same rights as those that are granted in conjunction with
the original software distribution.
9. The License Must Not Restrict Other Software
The license must not place restrictions on other software that is
distributed along with the licensed software. For example, the license
must not insist that all other programs distributed on the same medium
must be open-source software.
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